The babies and children are geniuses until they turn
seven. That is the period in which babies try to master which sounds are used in their language and
how the sounds are learned. In other words, Patricia described babies all over
the world are
as "citizens of the world." They can discriminate all the sounds of all languages, no matter what
country we're testing and what language we're using. They can do that while we are as adult cannot do that. Babies
are sensitive to the statistics, and the statistics of Japanese and English are totally
different. English
has a lot of R and L sound while japan doesn’t has it, and American babies can
recognize those sound better than japanese babies. That result explained that
babies absorb the statistics of the language and it changes their brains from
the citizens of the world to the culture-bound listeners. Even we as adults are no longer absorbing those
statistics. We
are governed by the representations in memory that were formed early in development. In short, babies are
genius due to they can absorb the statistics of the language then can recognize
the sounds of native and non native speaker easily.
Introduction Every students has their uniqueness in learning language and it based on their beliefs. According to Cabarog lu and Roberts (2000, p.388) they defined beliefs as “a set of conceptual representation which signify to its holder a reality or given state of affairs of sufficient validity, thruth or trust wothness to warrant reliance upon it as a guide to personal thought and action”. However, there is no complete agreement on meaning and definition of beliefs, although the definition of this concept enjoys popularity in language learning research. Horwitz (1987) defined beliefs about language learning as language learners’ preconceived ideas or nations on variety of issues related to second or foreign language learning. for instance, some of them used to study language by using audio and the rest used to learn by audio-visual. It depend on students’ need and as the teacher they should provide them the best media to make an attractive learning. Therefore, the learners’ tho
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